【go】Mac下安装及Hello World
1:go开发环境安装
go开发环境在Windows、Linux、Mac下均可安装,本测试以Mac为例。
下载go开发环境介质,在Mac下支持源码、二进制和安装包,为了相对通用些,我们采用二进制的方式进行安装
下载介质:国内镜像地址:https://www.golangtc.com/download
本测试下载的为:go1.9.2.darwin-amd64.tar.gz
2:安装
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xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:go xiziqiang$ pwd /Users/xiziqiang/Desktop/go xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:go xiziqiang$ tar -xvf go1.9.2.darwin-amd64.tar -C /usr/local ...... xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:go xiziqiang$ cd /usr/local/go xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:go xiziqiang$ ls AUTHORS CONTRIBUTORS PATENTS VERSION bin doc lib pkg src CONTRIBUTING.md LICENSE README.md api blog favicon.ico misc robots.txt test xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:go xiziqiang$ |
3:配置环境变量
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xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:go xiziqiang$ cd ~ xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:~ xiziqiang$ pwd /Users/xiziqiang xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:~ xiziqiang$ vi .bash_profile ## GOPATH 自定义目录,用于存放编译后的源代码 export GOPATH=/Users/xiziqiang/Desktop/go ## go安装目录 export GOROOT=/usr/local/go export GOBIN=$GOROOT/bin export PATH=$PATH:$GOBIN ## 添加完成后,保存退出,执行环境变量配置文件,使其在当前会话生效 xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:~ xiziqiang$ . .bash_profile ## 验证下 xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:~ xiziqiang$ go env GOARCH="amd64" GOBIN="/usr/local/go/bin" GOEXE="" GOHOSTARCH="amd64" GOHOSTOS="darwin" GOOS="darwin" GOPATH="/Users/xiziqiang/Desktop/go" GORACE="" GOROOT="/usr/local/go" GOTOOLDIR="/usr/local/go/pkg/tool/darwin_amd64" GCCGO="gccgo" CC="clang" GOGCCFLAGS="-fPIC -m64 -pthread -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -fmessage-length=0 -gno-record-gcc-switches -fno-common" CXX="clang++" CGO_ENABLED="1" CGO_CFLAGS="-g -O2" CGO_CPPFLAGS="" CGO_CXXFLAGS="-g -O2" CGO_FFLAGS="-g -O2" CGO_LDFLAGS="-g -O2" PKG_CONFIG="pkg-config" xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:~ xiziqiang$ ## 查看go版本 xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:~ xiziqiang$ go version go version go1.9.2 darwin/amd64 xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:~ xiziqiang$ ## go 帮助 xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:~ xiziqiang$ go help |
4:第一个go程序,Hello World!
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package main import "fmt" func main(){ fmt.Print("Hello World\n") } |
package main表示一个可独立执行的程序,每个 Go 应用程序都包含一个名为 main 的包。
import fmt 包实现了格式化 IO(输入/输出)的函数。
func main()是程序开始执行的函数。main 函数是每一个可执行程序所必须包含的,一般来说都是在启动后第一个执行的函数。
5:运行1,直接运行go程序
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xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:Desktop xiziqiang$ go run hello.go Hello World xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:Desktop xiziqiang$ |
6:运行2,编译运行
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xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:Desktop xiziqiang$ go build hello.go xiziqiangdeMacBook-Pro:Desktop xiziqiang$ |