【Python 3.6.1】元组
一、元组
与列表类似,也可以理解为只读的列表;还有一点区别就是列表是以[]括起来,元组是以()括起来,元素用逗号分隔,当然,括号也可以省略。
列表[] 可对列表中数据进行增、删、改、查
元组() 不能增、删、改,只能查
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>>> t1 = (1,2,3,4) >>> type (t1) <class 'tuple'> >>> >>> t2 = ('a','b','c') >>> type (t2) <class 'tuple'> >>> >>> t3 = "a","b","c" >>> type (t3) <class 'tuple'> >>> >>> t4 = 1,2,3,4 >>> type (t4) <class 'tuple'> >>> |
二、创建空元组
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>>> t5 = () >>> type (t5) <class 'tuple'> >>> |
三、创建一个元素的元组
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>>> t6 = (100) >>> type (t6) <class 'int'> >>> # 一个元素的元组需要加一个逗号,否则如上 >>> t6 = (100,) >>> type (t6) <class 'tuple'> >>> |
四、访问元组、截取元组
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>>> t1 = (1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7) >>> t1[3] 2 >>> t1[3:8] (2, 3, 3, 4, 4) >>> >>> t1[:8] (1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4) >>> t1[3:] (2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7) >>> # 获取连续有规律的多个数据 >>> t1 = (1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7) # 从第一个数据开始,一直到最后一个数据,间隔(步长)为2 >>> print(t1[0:-1:2]) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) >>> |
五、元组合并
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>>> t1 = (1,1,2,2) >>> t2 = ("a","b") >>> t3 = t1 + t2 >>> print (t3) (1, 1, 2, 2, 'a', 'b') >>> |
六、删除元组
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>>> t1 = (1,2,3,4,5) >>> print (t1) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) >>> del t1 >>> print (t1) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> NameError: name 't1' is not defined >>> |
七、函数
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# len 获取元组元素个数 >>> t1 = "a","b","c","d" >>> len(t1) 4 >>> # 元组最大值 >>> max(t1) 'd' >>> # 元组最小值 >>> min(t1) 'a' >>> # 列表转换为元组 >>> L = [1,1,2,2,3,3] >>> type(L) <class 'list'> >>> T = tuple(L) >>> print (T) (1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3) >>> >>> type(T) <class 'tuple'> >>> # 定义元组t2 >>> t2 = (1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3) # 返回8在t2元组中的个数 >>> t2.count(8) 0 >>> # 返回3在t2元组中的个数 >>> t2.count(3) 2 >>> # 返回8是否在t2元组中,在True,不在False >>> print(8 in t2) False >>> # 返回1是否在t2元组中,在True,不在False >>> print(1 in t2) True >>> |